Profil

Groundbreaking research led by a York University professor offers new insights into the Earth's earliest development and may challenge long-standing assumptions in planetary science about how rocky planets evolve. By linking Earth's internal dynamics during its first 100 million years to its current structure, the study is among the first to blend fluid mechanics with chemistry to better understand the young Earth.

“This is the first time a physical model has shown that key features of the Earth’s lower mantle structure were already in place four billion years ago, just after the planet formed,” said Charles-Édouard Boukaré, assistant professor in the Department of Physics and Astronomy at York’s Faculty of Science and lead author of the study.

The mantle is the thick, rocky layer surrounding Earth's iron core, and its structure and behavior have played a critical role in the planet's evolution—particularly in how it cools and how the magnetic field is generated through the core. Understanding the mantle’s early solidification has remained a mystery, despite progress in fields such as seismology, geodynamics, and petrology.

Boukaré, who hails from France, collaborated with researchers in Paris on the paper, Solidification of Earth's mantle led inevitably to a basal magma ocean, published in Nature.

One key question the study addresses is how old the structures in Earth's interior are and how they came to be. Boukaré likens this to comparing the behavior of a child with that of an adult—early activity levels and conditions are vastly different, but the effects of those early years can persist throughout life.

“Kids do wild things because they have so much energy—planets are similar when they’re young,” he said. “Later in life, activity slows down, but some things that happen early can shape the entire future. It's the same for planets. Some features from the very beginning are still imprinted in their structure.”

Most existing mantle models focus on present-day conditions, assuming a solid-state mantle. To look further back in time, Boukaré developed a new model that simulates a much hotter, partially molten early mantle. This work, which he began during his PhD, uses a multiphase flow approach to simulate how magma solidified on a planetary scale.

https://reach.link/trichemechatgemmesillimitees
https://reach.link/tricheromancefatediamantsillimites
https://reach.link/trichegolfbattleargentetgemmesillimites
https://reach.link/tricherealracing3argentetorillimites
https://reach.link/tricheasphaltnitroargentillimite
https://reach.link/tricheshadowfight3gemmesillimitees
https://reach.link/tricheshadowfight2energieetgemmesillimitees
https://reach.link/trichestickwarheritageargentetgemmesillimites
https://reach.link/tricheoutletsrushargentillimite
https://reach.link/tricheblockcraft3dgemmesillimitees
https://reach.link/tricheisekaislowlifecristauxillimites
https://reach.link/tricheburgersilvousplaitargentillimite
https://reach.link/trichewhispersrecitsinteractifsgemmesillimitees
https://reach.link/trichetaptitans2diamantsillimites
https://reach.link/trichestateofsurvivalargentillimite
https://reach.link/trichepocketchampsargentetgemmesillimites
https://reach.link/trichedartsclubgemmesillimitees
https://reach.link/trichecardrivingschoolsimulatorargentillimite
https://reach.link/trichefootballstrikeargentetpiecesillimites
https://reach.link/trichecarxrallyargentillimite
https://reach.link/tricherealboxing2diamantsillimites
https://reach.link/trichedriftlegends2argentillimite
https://reach.link/trichetrialxtreme4argentillimite
https://reach.link/trichesummondragons2diamantsillimites
https://reach.link/trichestarstableonlineargentillimite
https://reach.link/trichemysterymattersargentillimite
https://reach.link/trichealbiononlineorillimite
https://reach.link/tricherichincargentillimite
https://reach.link/trichewarcraftrumbleargentillimite
https://reach.link/tricherushroyaleargentetgemmesillimites
https://reach.link/trichesupremacy1914argentillimite
https://reach.link/tricheconflictofnationsorillimite
https://reach.link/trichesimcitybuilditargentillimite
https://reach.link/trichecriticalstrikeargentillimite
https://reach.link/drivingschoolsimulatorargentillimite
https://reach.link/racinglimitsunlimitedmoneymod
https://reach.link/thesecretsocietyunlimitedcoinsandgems
https://reach.link/makemoreunlimitedmoneymod2025
https://reach.link/cookingcityunlimitedmoneyandgemsmod
https://reach.link/royalkingdomunlimitedmoneyandgemsmod
https://reach.link/secretpuzzlesocietyunlimitedmoneymod
https://reach.link/zombietsunamiunlimitedmoneyandgemsmod
https://reach.link/fruitninjaunlimitedmoneyandgemsmod2025
https://reach.link/justrally3unlimitedmoneymod2025
https://reach.link/manorcafeunlimitedstarsandcoinsmod2025
https://reach.link/cozytownunlimitedmoneymod2025
https://reach.link/mudracing44offroadunlimitedmoneymod
https://reach.link/schoolpartycraftunlimitedmoneymod
https://reach.link/boardkingsunlimitedrollsmod2025
https://reach.link/cardrivingschoolsimulatorunlimitedmoneymod
https://reach.link/bloonstdbattles2unlimitedmoneymod
https://reach.link/soccerherounlimitedmoneymod
https://reach.link/bladesofbrimunlimitedmoneymod
https://reach.link/trucksimulatorusarevolutionunlimitedmoneymod
https://reach.link/driftforlifeunlimitedmoneymod
https://reach.link/moviestarplanetunlimitedmoneymod
https://reach.link/homepin3unlimitedmoneymod
https://reach.link/myminimartunlimitedmoneymod
https://reach.link/staticshiftracingmodunlimitedmoneyandgems
https://reach.link/careatscar3modunlimitedmoneyandfuel
https://reach.link/asphaltnitrounlimitedmoneyandvipcoins


His simulations revealed a surprising result: most crystals formed under low-pressure conditions near the surface, rather than deep within the Earth under high pressure. This creates a different chemical signature than previously thought and may overturn long-held ideas about how rocky planets, including Earth, transitioned from molten bodies to solid worlds.

The findings not only provide a new perspective on Earth's formation but may also reshape our understanding of how other rocky planets develop across the solar system and beyond. To fully grasp the nature of ancient planets, the study suggests, we must begin by understanding the dynamics of their youth.

A new study examining soil samples from public parks in Dublin, Ireland, has found that park entrances are significantly more contaminated with infective roundworm eggs than any other park location. The findings, led by Jason Keegan of Trinity College Dublin, were published in the open-access journal PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases.

Parasitic roundworms from the Toxocara genus commonly infect dogs and cats. These animals can shed eggs into the environment through their feces, posing a risk to humans who may accidentally ingest the microscopic eggs. While many people with Toxocara infection remain asymptomatic, some may develop serious health issues, including eye infections.

Toxocara is among the most widespread parasitic infections globally. Although previous research has shown that public park soils are often contaminated with these eggs, little attention has been given to whether some parts of parks are more affected than others.

To explore this, Keegan and his team collected soil samples from twelve parks across Dublin. They targeted four specific types of locations: park entrances, playgrounds, sports field sidelines, and grassy spots where people commonly sit.

https://reach.link/homescapesvidasinfinitas
https://reach.link/hungrysharkevolutiongemasydineroinfinito
https://reach.link/bowmastersdineroinfinito
https://reach.link/shadowfight2energiaygemasinfinitas
https://reach.link/theotowndiamantesinfinitos
https://reach.link/myperfecthoteldineroinfinito
https://reach.link/blockcraft3dgemasydineroinfinito
https://reach.link/monopolygodadosinfinitos
https://reach.link/ridemasterdineroinfinito
https://reach.link/netboomdineroinfinito
https://reach.link/annelidsdineroinfinito
https://reach.link/beachbuggyracing2monedasygemasinfinitas
https://reach.link/scoreherodineroinfinito
https://reach.link/worldfutbolchampsdineroinfinito
https://reach.link/hackeadoultimateclashsoccergemasinfinitas
https://reach.link/headball2diamantesinfinitos
https://reach.link/rebelracingdineroinfinito
https://reach.link/driftmaxprodineroinfinito
https://reach.link/evonygemasinfinitas
https://reach.link/angrybirds2gemasinfinitas
https://reach.link/hackeadopayback2dineroinfinito
https://reach.link/hackeadorivalstarshorseracingdineroinfinito
https://reach.link/hackeadostrikefortressboxdineroinfinito
https://reach.link/hackeadostockcarracingdineroinfinito
https://reach.link/hackeadotrafficmotos3dineroinfinito
https://reach.link/hackeadodragonmaniamonedasydiamantesinfinitos
https://reach.link/hackeadoschoolpartycraftdineroinfinito
https://reach.link/hackeadoonestaterpdineroinfinito
https://reach.link/fcmobile25argentillimite
https://reach.link/monopolygoastucedesgratuit2025
https://reach.link/astucetrichestumbleguys2025gemmesillimite
https://reach.link/stumbleguysgemmesgratuit2025
https://reach.link/coinmastertourillimite2025
https://reach.link/astucetennisclashargentetgemmesillimite
https://reach.link/tricheasphalt9argentetjetonsillimite
https://reach.link/homescapestricheetastucesetoilesetpiecesillimitees
https://reach.link/trichebrawlstarsgemmesillimitees
https://reach.link/trichefamilyislandenergieillimitee
https://reach.link/tricheklondikeadventuresenergieillimitee
https://reach.link/trichetownshipargentillimite
https://reach.link/trichefishdom2024diamantsillimites
https://reach.link/tricheroyalmatchviesillimitees
https://reach.link/trichetoonblastviesillimitees
https://reach.link/tricheraidshadowlegendsgemmesillimitees
https://reach.link/trichewatcherofrealmsargentillimite
https://reach.link/trichedeadtrigger2argentetorillimites
https://reach.link/tricheasphalt8argentillimite
https://reach.link/tricheassolutoracingargentillimite
https://reach.link/trichemobilelegendsdiamantsillimites
https://reach.link/tricheageoforiginsorillimite
https://reach.link/tricheavakinlifeargentillimite
https://reach.link/trichehighriseorillimite
https://reach.link/trichefrozencitygemmesillimitees
https://reach.link/trichestormshotorillimite
https://reach.link/trichesoccerstarsargentetpiecesillimites
https://reach.link/tricheheadball2diamantsillimites
https://reach.link/trichefcmobile25argentetgemmesillimites
https://reach.link/trichedls25piecesetgemmesillimitees
https://reach.link/trichefootballleague2025argentillimite
https://reach.link/tricheefootball2025argentillimite
https://reach.link/trichesoccermanager2025orillimite
https://reach.link/tricheosm24argentillimite
https://reach.link/trichescoreheroargentetviesillimites
https://reach.link/trichemillionlordsargentetgemmesillimites


The results revealed that park entrances had the highest levels of contamination, followed by playgrounds. Further analysis showed that most of the eggs found were of the species Toxocara canis, the dog roundworm, and were in a potentially infective state.

Based on these findings, the researchers recommend targeted prevention efforts at park entrances and playgrounds. These could include better signage, waste bins, and facilities for dog owners to clean up after their pets.

They also emphasize the importance of ongoing monitoring. The method they developed for analyzing the soil is both low-cost and user-friendly, making it suitable for routine checks that could help track contamination levels over time and evaluate the impact of public health interventions.

"Park entrances had the most Toxocara eggs, and most of these eggs likely came from dogs," the authors note. "By providing signage, bins, and a means to clean up after your dog in these locations, we could reduce the level of contamination. That's the next step in the research."